Friday, September 26, 2008

Almost missed in the media - India's PM in Washington - change in nuclear race in South Asia???

Three topics seem to preoccupy the media outlets at this Friday the 26th. Either the bailout negotiations, and McCain/Obama's take in them. The Debate, or well in foreign policy there is the border situation between Pakistan and Afghanistan and especially US Forces being shot at by Pakistani forces. Pakistan's president discusses the latest incident with Condolezza Rice. Sure there is some more going on in the world today, but this seems to be pretty much the big stories.

But for all those interested in South Asia, terrorism, nuclear proliferation, and maybe World Peace, there is a story that almost none of the big media outlets cover. India's Prime Minister was in Washington, discussing partly the Indo-U.S. nuclear deal. Though, Bush and Singh could not sign the deal yet, as Congress needs to ratify the deal both leaders hammered through in 2005. But, Congress might pass the deal in this Session. This will alter the strategic security situation in South Asia to a large extend. Especially in regards to Pakistan.

The Indo-U.S. nuclear deal will draw India and the U.S. closer as strategic partners, which is not a welcome change for Pakistan, which relies heavily on U.S. military help. But even more disturbing for India- Pakistan relationship, this would enable India to buy fissile material overseas, not having to rely on its own fissile material mines. India, which will then have enough fissile material for civilian used nuclear facilities, can use its indigenous resources for upgrading it to weapons grade plutonium, furthermore the spend fuel from the civilian reactors can also be enriched to weapons grade material, giving India the possibility to cash in twice.

This will further alter the assymetric character of the nuclear standoff in South Asia, eventually triggering a renewed nuclear Arms race. On top of that the Pakistani military might change its nuclear posture, to a Launch on Warning posture, leading to a mating of the warheads with the means of delivery. Thus increasing the risk of accidents or inadvertent and unauthorized launches of the nuclear weapons. Making thus increasing a risk of accidental nuclear war dramatically.

The civilian government in Pakistan urgently needs external and internal efforts to cut the Pakistani Army's grip on politics. A renewed nuclear step forward by India in this regard will only enhance the fears of the Pakistani Army that India is its number one threat, thus tightening a grip on the politicians, or maybe as in 1998 (Kargil crisis) begin a war without the civilian governments backing.

What Pakistan and South Asia would need right now is an effort for peace in the region. Getting a triadic peace agreement between the West, India and Pakistan going. A deal on no further aggressions and an effort to defuse the Kashmir problem. This will not only enhance Peace itself but also curb the Pakistani Army's iron grip, and thus help the democracy in Pakistan, which as a reward could only prove beneficial for Pakistan's northern frontier.

1 comment:

LFC said...

I agree with your last paragraph.
However, with respect to an earlier point, isn't there an explicit provision in the US-India agreement that the fissile material India is to receive can only be used in civilian reactors; hence it can't be enriched to weapons grade? And presumably there are verification provisions in the agreement as well.
This may not, of course, ease many minds in Pakistan, another reason for trying to get a three-way agreement of the kind you suggest.